Miroslav Bárta is an Egyptologist and archaeologist, former long-time director of the Czech Egyptological Institute of the Faculty of Arts, Charles University, and its vice-rector. He leads Czech research in Egypt and Sudan, and the focus of his archaeological work lies in researching the site of the pyramid builders in Abusir near Cairo.

He is the recipient of many prestigious international awards for his work in science (Alexander von Humboldt, Fulbright Scholarship, Michela Schiff Giorgini Foundation Award), taught at the University of Pennsylvania in the US in 2003 and 2004, and was awarded the Simpson Professorship at the American University in Cairo in 2014. He has also worked at many universities in Western Europe and overseas.